The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze determinants of income-level convergence. Specifically, the effect of human capital on per capita income is estimated for 22 countries of the organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Additionally, the effects of openness in...

Using international comparison data for 1950-1990, we describe the GDPs of seven major regions of the non-Communist world: the North, the South ("down under"), Tropical Africa, Tropical America, and South-West, South Central and South-East Asia. The inequality among these regions accounts for...

We use international comparison data of Summers and Heston to trace the development of three regions in Western Europe: the countries currently outside the European Union (EEC), the EEC Center, and the EEC Periphery (Greece, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain). For each year during the period...

Elasticities of import demand and supply often drive economic models, but few empirical estimates of these elasticities exist for vegetables and fruits. For those that do exist, most are outdated. Because elasticities change over time as income, prices, and market conditions change, outdated...