In a general equilibrium framework incorporating the money-in-the-utility function approach, we show that output uncertainty and monetary uncertainty as well as output, interest rates, and financial innovations affect money demand. The estimated long-run relationships are consistent with our...

This paper explores the behavior of money demand by explicitly accounting for the money supply endogeneity arising from endogenous monetary policy and financial innovations. Our theoretical analysis indicates that money supply factors matter in the money demand function when the money supply...

This paper provides new evidence that the interest rates response to a money supply shock varies across the state of the monetary policy stance. The state is assigned to one of the tight, neutral, and loose regimes based on an estimated policy stance index. The results of threshold vector...

The paper examines the link between net capital flows and international reserves emphasizing the external financing of reserve accumulation in the context of increasing international financial integration. The paper finds that the effect of net capital flows on reserve accumulation has shifted...

This paper investigates the behavior of short-term real and nominal rates of interest by combining consumption-based and production-based models into a single general equilibrium framework. Based on the theoretical nonlinear relationships that link interest rates to both the marginal rates of...

This paper estimates a policy rule that explains the sign and the magnitude of the Federal Reserve's (Fed's) discount rate changes. It sets out a two-sided Type II Tobit model and develops a procedure for its estimation, considering the discrete and censored nature of the changes. The results...

This paper empirically explores how fiscal policy (represented by increases in government spending) has asymmetric effects on economic activity across different levels of real interest rates. It suggests that the effect of fiscal policy depends on the level of real rates because the Ricardian...

Using the theory of optimal local currency pricing, this paper constructs a structural equation to estimate the rate at which foreign producer prices pass through the local currency prices of imported goods in the U.S. This can be viewed as measuring exchange rate pass-through, in line with...