The aim of this article is to examine the Irish and Lithuanian credit union movements in terms of risk management and risk performance, and to discuss credit union risk regulation. Risk management in credit unions often closely relates to credit union development stages so that as credit unions...

<title/> This article focuses on money-lending and financial exclusion in Ireland. Borrowing from money-lenders is seen in the academic literature as an indicator of exclusion from more affordable sources of credit. However, Ireland has a widespread credit union movement which provides access to...