We provide three new results concerning quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimators in generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic in mean (GARCH-M) models. We first show that, depending on the functional form that we impose in the mean equation, the properties of the model may change...

We provide simulation and theoretical results concerning the finite-sample theory of quasi-maximum-likelihood estimators in autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (ARCH) models when we include dynamics in the mean equation. In the setting of the AR(q)-ARCH(p), we find that in some cases bias...

We propose two simple bias-reduction procedures that apply to estimators in a general static simultaneous equation model and that are valid under relatively weak distributional assumptions for the errors. Standard jackknife estimators, as applied to 2SLS, may not reduce the bias of the exogenous...