This paper presents a theory of self-regulation by a firm or an industry acting collectively in the context of private and public politics. In private politics an activist identifies a social issue, makes a demand on the firm, and threatens a harmful campaign. The firm self-regulates to...

The objective of this study is the estimation of the amount of hospital cost inflation associated with increases in factor prices, technological and case-mix change, and growth in hospital demand. The estimates indicate that the majority of the increase in average costs for the sampled hospitals...

Credence attributes of products are unobservable through search or experience. Some consumers are willing to pay a premium for their provision, and in addition, citizens can apply social pressure on firms to supply credence attributes. Firms have formed voluntary organizations to assure the...