This chapter reviews the literature on payment schemes for government purchases of health services. It focuses on four themes: (1) the tension between obtaining appropriate quality of services and keeping the cost of those services at an acceptable level; (2) the role of cost sharing by the...

Fixed price payments for treatment of patients with a specified diagnosis are widespread in both US Medicare and the British NHS even though there are substantial variations in the cost of treatment. Theory suggests that, when there is asymmetric information about those costs, total payment can...

The first part of this paper considers the cognition of individuals ans groups of individuals in the context of organisational project risk analysis and management, and attempts to characterise a set of models of cognition which may be of value as conceptual tools for risk analysts and managers....

This paper describes some preliminary findings of an ethnographic inquiry into a steel mill pruchased by its employees through a stock option scheme in the early 1980's to avoid closure by its parent company.