Examines how the status and sex composition of occupations affected the wage gap between men and women workers in the United States in 1970. Review of alternative theories of discrimination; Data and statistical tests; Job status and sex composition results; Calculation of the earnings gap and...

Empirical evidence presented in this paper, based on survey data for Canadian childcare workers in 1991, contradicts most stereotypes of the childcare labor market. Although childcare labor was low-wage, the authors find that the union impact on wages (15%) and fringe benefits was in line with...

Most of our labour policies were established in the early 1900s when the old world of work was vastly different from today's world of work. These differences are elaborated upon, as are the basic background factors that are shaping labour policy today. Ten key ingredients of labour policy...

Analysis of youth unemployment indicates: (i) The ratio of youth-adult rates exhibits a u-shaped pattern, declining markedly from 1976 to 1983, levelling off from 1984 to 1990, but rising sharply thereafter, mainly for teenagers; (ii) the pattern results from the combination of a relative...

The authors find, for the most prevalent type of pension plan in Canada, that plan provisions are not a close substitute for mandatory retirement. Special retirement provis ions, which have a strong potential to discourage work, typically do not come into play before age sixty and are far from...

Differences in preferences for unions between youths and adults in Canada are analysed based on a survey of approximately 1500 persons. The results indicate that the preferences of youth for unionisation are strongly influenced by social factors such as familial union status and the attitudes of...

We utilize an instrumental variable approach to analyse the effect that dropping out of high school has on 17 outcomes pertaining to wages, employment and subsequent skill acquisition for youths. Our analysis is based on the older cohort of the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS) for 2003, an...