The analysis of this paper demonstrates that when the Phillips curve has forward-looking components, a goal for average inflation--i.e., targeting a j-period average of one-period inflation rates--will cause inflation expectations to change in a way that improves the short-run trade-off faced by...

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The empirical validity of long-run purchasing power parity is investigated using multivariate cointegration techniques. Both bilateral and multilateral PPP is examined. The data set is monthly and covers almost 22 years (January 1970-August 1991) for four countries--Germany, Japan, the U.S., and...

Expected rates of depreciation within the target zone for the exchange rates of four Nordic countries during 1979–1989 are estimated. Combining these with expected rates of devaluation estimated by Edin and Vredin (1993) we obtain time-series of the overall expected exchange rate change....

We develop a structural model of a small open economy with gradual exchange rate pass-through and endogenous inertia in inflation and output. We then estimate the model by matching the implied impulse responses with those obtained from a VAR model estimated on Swedish data. Although our model is...

What are the implications of targeting different measures of inflation? We extend a basic theoretical framework of optimal monetary policy under inflation targeting (Svensson 1997) to include several components of CPI inflation, and analyze the implications of using different measures of...

We construct and estimate a joint model of macroeconomic and yield curve dynamics. A small-scale rational expectations model describes the macroeconomy. Bond yields are affine functions of the state variables of the macromodel, and are derived assuming absence of arbitrage opportunities and a...

We consider optimal policy when private sector expectations are formed through adaptive learning. Earlier research has found that adaptive learning is consistent with empirical evidence on private sector expectations. In this paper, we consider the (admittedly) extreme case of sophisticated...

This paper examines a price-level target in a model with a forward-looking Calvo-Taylor Phillips curve. Contrary to conventional wisdom, it is found that price-level targeting leads to a better trade-off between inflation and output-gap variability than inflation targeting, when the central bank...