Firms have increasingly conducted different stages of production in different countries. In particular, they may set up operations in low-cost countries (those operations are referred to as foreign affiliates in those countries) either as platforms for export or serving the growing markets...

type="main" xml:id="twec12108-abs-0001" <title type="main">Abstract</title> <p>This article provides the first evidence about pure exporters (i.e. firms exporting all of their output to the foreign market) – a phenomenon overlooked and cannot be explained in the existing literature. It then offers a theoretical analysis of...</p>

This paper investigates trends and determinants of the spatial concentration of China’s manufacturing industries using a large firm-level data for the time period of 1998 to 2005. It is found that the overall industrial agglomeration in China has increased steadily in recent years though it is...

Using a comprehensive panel data set of China’s state-owned enterprises, we investigate the impacts of privatization, of different time sequences and extent of non-state ownership, on social welfare and firm performance. Attention has been focused on the sources of gain in firm performance and...

This paper investigates trends and determinants of the geographic concentration of China's manufacturing industries using large firm-level data for the period of 1998 to 2005. It is found that the extent of industrial agglomeration in China, measured by the Ellison-Glaeser index, has increased...

Bai, Chong-En, Lu, Jiangyong, and Tao, Zhigang--How does privatization work in China? Using a comprehensive panel data set of China's state-owned enterprises, we investigate the impacts of privatization on social welfare and firm performance indicators. The privatization of China's state-owned...

The institutional environment - including protection of private properties and contract enforcement - has been rather unfavorable for the emergence and development of China's private enterprises. This is in sharp contrast to the case of the developed economies where the institutional environment...

The institutional environment – including protection of private properties and contract enforcement – has been rather unfavorable for the emergence and development of China’s private enterprises. This is in sharp contrast to the case of the developed economies where the institutional...

China's success in attracting foreign direct investment has been cast in doubt as mainly a transfer of capital, not knowhow, because its financial system is incapable of allocating domestic savings and hard-earned foreign reserves to domestic enterprises. To shed light on this debate, we examine...

China's collectively-owned enterprises are unconventional, as they are nominally owned by those people residing in the areas where the enterprises are located but effectively controlled by the local governments. This study finds that collectively-owned enterprises, once being privatized,...