Prevailing theory suggests that firms that effectively protect technological discoveries from emulation will create and capture value. Despite its importance, little research has examined the specific mechanisms of how to protect technological discoveries, and have heretofore emphasized the...

The following sections are included: <ul><li class="bullet">Introduction</li></ul> <ul><li class="bullet">Literature Review <ul><li class="bullet"> Scope and structure of the review</li><li class="bullet"> Defining open innovation</li><li class="bullet"> Nomological network of open innovation</li><li class="bullet"> Open innovation adoption <ul><li class="bullet"> Firm characteristics</li><li class="bullet"> Technology considerations</li><li class="bullet"> External environmental conditions</li></ul> <p></li><li class="bullet"> Open innovation...</li></p></ul></li></ul>

The majority of research and practice tends to conceptualize innovation as a vertically coupled, intra-organizational process. We expand this perspective by conceptualizing innovation as a vertically decoupled, inter-organizational process and by studying the role of research universities as...

There has been a paucity of research to date that has explored whether incentive systems--in the form of monetary payments to inventors, their department or institution, or to university technology transfer office (UTTO) personnel--affect entrepreneurial activities at U.S. universities. To shed...

Interest in the concept of open innovation (OI) has increased during recent years; yet, this line of inquiry remains limited due to the lack of a more comprehensive conceptual framework. As a first step toward a unifying framework, we provide a critical review of previous research on the...