Comparison of the employment of women in professional and managerial positions in the Soviet Union and the United States as of July 1975. Positions on women's equity; Emergence of women in the labor force; Number of women holding professional positions in the Soviet Union. (Abstract copyright...

This study examines the factors that influence the success of expatriate performance appraisal systems in U.S. multinationals, as perceived by the organizations. Results involving 94 firms suggest that clarifying performance expectations prior to the performance rating, the fairness of the...

Using adaptive structuration theory as a framework [DeSanctis, G., & Poole, M. S. (1994). Capturing the complexity in advanced technology use: Adaptive structuration theory. Organization Science, 5(2), 121-147], we examined the influence of organizational context (competitive versus cooperative)...

This article maps out how different actors are involved in the promotion and mediation of the Olympics. It looks at the roles of, first, the nation-state, through an analysis of the promotional materials; second, the art world and global companies, through an analysis of the touring exhibition...

In longitudinal studies, nonlinear mixed-effects models have been widely applied to describe the intra- and the inter-subject variations in data. The inter-subject variation usually receives great attention and it may be partially explained by time-dependent covariates. However, some covariates...

We consider strong limit theorems for Markov chains in bi-infinite random environments. We first give a new proof of a strong limit theorem of Liu and Yang (1995) on the average of functions of non-homogeneous Markov chains by constructing a nonnegative martingale. As corollaries, for a Markov...

Downs (1962) and Thomson (1977) suggested that highway capacity expansion may produce counterproductive effects on the two-mode (auto and transit) transport system (Downs–Thomson Paradox). This paper investigates the occurrence of this paradox when transit authority can have different economic...