Propagation in perturbed one-dimensional phononic or photonic crystals, with both compositional and positional disorder, is considered. The coherent potential approximation is used to obtain the band structure and the Floquet normal form of the periodic-on-average perturbed crystal, which is...

Corporations are increasingly viewed as key actors in poverty alleviation. “Bottom of the Pyramid” (BoP) advocates suggest that MultiNational Corporations (MNCs) can simultaneously alleviate poverty and make profits by selling scaled-down products to the poor. Our paper investigates this...

Canada has run persistent deficits for years and has seen its debt rise steadily. Net federal debt as a percentage of GDP has increased in the last 15 years from 30 percent to 73 percent. Interest charges alone account for almost 34 cents of every federal revenue dollar. In response, the...

Household air pollution is the second leading cause of disease in Madagascar, where more than 99 percent of households rely on solid biomass, such as charcoal, wood, and crop waste, as the main cooking fuel. Only a limited number of studies have looked at the emissions and health consequences of...

The article uses the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) to estimate the population potential adoption rates of New Rice for Africa (NERICA) varieties in Nigeria when awareness of the new varieties and access to their seed are not constrained to farmers. It thus extends previous works in the...

The article used the ATE estimation framework to derive consistent semi-parametric estimators of population adoption rates and their determinants of the NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice varieties in Nigeria. Empirical evidence shows that the observed sample adoption rate does not consistently...