Many companies struggle with justifying the cost of quality within their supply chain. Outsourcing suppliers to countries such as China has become popular in recent years due to the fact it appears to be more profitable. These outsource decisions do not effectively determine the impacts of...

This paper investigates the relationship among supply chain visibility (SCV), supply chain risk (SCR), and supply chain cost of new and seasonal products. We assume that demand is probabilistic and comes from different scenarios such as forecasting, benchmarking, and market analysis data. For...