Many international policies encourage a switch from fossil fuels to bioenergy based on the premise that its use would not result in carbon accumulation in the atmosphere. Frequently cited bioenergy goals would at least double the present global human use of plant material, the production of...

Most prior studies have found that substituting biofuels for gasoline will reduce greenhouse gases because biofuels sequester carbon through the growth of the feedstock. These analyses have failed to count the carbon emissions that occur as farmers worldwide respond to higher prices and convert...

Human-induced temperature increase is amplified in the Arctic, as well as its effects on the ice cover. With the aid of an Arctic "death spiral”, Prof. Peter Wadhams, oceanographer and glaciologist at Cambridge University, discusses scientific evidence and his personal experience of changes in...

A growing trend towards high-density urban living increases the significance of natural features within the urban fabric. In high-rise living the view is one means of continuing contact with the environment. Using visualizations, public survey techniques, and a geographic information system...

Within the planning process, there is a recent trend to engage with stakeholders. Traditionally, visualisation media such as plans, sections, and physical models have been used to aid communication of planning proposals, yet technological advances now allow for virtual interactive,...

The paper describes the development and application of physical-financial modelling techniques to the analysis of relations between development design ñ covering the broad characteristics of a scheme, such as land use mix, development density and built form ñ and financial viability. It is...

The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zurich is planning to build three wind turbines for the production of renewable energy. Their proposed location is near the campus of ETH Honggerberg in the Kaferberg open space. This open space is of high importance for the recreation of the local...

This paper presents the implementation of conservation measures, especially bottom trawl free areas, for the protection of cold-water coral off the Norwegian coast. The protection measures became effective less than 9 months after the managers were informed and the public became aware of damaged...