Capitalist agriculture is highly exploitative of both producers and the environment. Fair trade is a movement attempting to mitigate this exploitation, partly by baiting corporate actors into the arena of “ethical production.†In the coffee industry, major corporations are responding...

The objective of this paper is to evaluate theoretically, using Marxist theory, supply-side policy as promulgated by conservative political economy. The stated rational for conservative supply-side policy is to overcome the current prolonged stagnation of the U.S. economy by increasing...

This paper attempts to examine the impact of state taxation and expenditure activities on Canadian labor and non-labor. Using state expenditure and revenue data for the period 1955-1986, the Canadian transfer ratio is estimated and then it is compared and contrasted with the transfer ratio for...

User charges have come to play a significant role in the financing and delivery of publicly provided health services in many developing countries. As a response to health care financing crises, user charges are often promoted as a way of rationalizing the use of care, raising revenue, and...

The first depression of the twenty-first century appears to contain some unusual properties in the United States. In the midst of an economy in its fourth year of oscillating between stagnation and recession, the companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 stock index were expected to report record...