Affordability of water services is a pressing water policy issue for both the developed and in particular the developing world. Despite its well-known theoretical shortcomings affordability analysis for water supply is up to now widely based on the ratio of a household's water expenditure and...

Unlike in developing countries, there tends to be no problem of access to water, electricity, and heating for private households in transition countries. However, transition countries have a considerable amount of low-income households, and the problem of affordability of these...

This report describes the results of a household survey conducted in September 2009 in a selected peri-urban subdistrict (bag) in Darkhan city. A total number of 139 randomly selected households were surveyed about the current status of environmental sanitation, including water supply,...

Uncertainty is highly relevant in environmental policy because on the one hand environmental problems are regarded as complex and require a long-term perspective and on the other hand the knowledge available to practitioners and policy makers alike is often fragmentary and not systemised. One...

The lack of adequate water supply and sanitation services is a major issue related to sustainable development in many parts of the developing world. This also holds for Mongolia. Current data suggests that Mongolia may not meet the Millennium Development Goal 7, target 7c to halve the proportion...

The question of how to deal with uncertainty in environmental decision-making is cur-rently attracting considerable attention on the part of scientists as well as of politicians and those involved in government administration. The existence of uncertainty becomes particularly apparent in the...

In order to ensure the long-term efficiency and security of electricity supply, improving the market and system integration of renewable energy sources (RES) is of increasing importance. First, the question is how to integrate RES into the regular allocation and remuneration mechanism of the...

[Problemstellung] Zur Erreichung der Klimaziele wird aktuell in Deutschland ein konsequenter Wechsel von einer durch konventionelle Brennstoffe geprägten Energieversorgung hin zu einem System vollzogen, in dem erneuerbare Energien eine tragende Rolle spielen. Vor allem die Energiequellen Wind...