This study provides estimates of Pakistan’s tax gap by type of tax. We adopt a bottom-up approach that provides detailed estimates of the tax gap by type of tax of the sort that are useful for tax administration. For fiscal year 2004–05, we estimate Pakistan’s federal tax...

This report provides estimates of Pakistan’s tax gap by type of tax and describes the methodologies and data used to produce these estimates. A country’s tax gap is the amount of tax that goes uncollected due to non-compliance with the tax law. For estimation purposes, the operational...

This paper attempts to overcome the lack of comparable data on the external indebtedness of the industrial countries by constructing consistent time series of data on external debt and the overall international investment position of these countries. As well as classifying external assets and...

This paper looks at the relationship between inflation and interest rates across a number of industrialised countries over the past three decades. The paper is in three parts. It begins by splitting the whole period up into a number of smaller periods and looking at the inflation/interest rate...

This article evaluates Jamaica’s corporate income tax and tax incentive schemes. There are considerable administrative burdens and economic distortions associated with Jamaica’s income tax regime that result from taxing capital income in a “small open economy.†These...

In this paper, we examine the theoretical and empirical implications of accounting for multiple modes of tax evasion. We find that increasing the probability of detection in a given mode has an ambiguous effect on compliance in the targeted mode as well as the untargeted mode. In order to gain...

Examines the impact of marginal tax rates, which incorporate the earned income tax credit as it existed in 1988, on the reporting of income by low-level taxpayers. Concludes that the amount of income underreported does not appear to be affected by the relatively high marginal tax rates which...

Researchers often rely on self–reported tax data to gauge the effect of taxes on economic activity. These data, however, are subject to measurement errors in the presence of tax evasion. We find evidence that estimated income and tax price elasticities are biased due to errors–in variables...

This paper examines the compliance pattern of small businesses, using pooled 1985 and 1988 Taxpayer Compliance Measurement Program (TCMP) data. Specifically, we focus on the voluntary reporting compliance of income from proprietorship, farm, and rental real estate activities. We find that...