We investigate short and long-term effects of early childhood education using variation created by a policy experiment … in British Columbia, Canada. Our findings imply being in kindergarten longer increases the probability of repeating the …. Estimates suggest that more time in kindergarten may have a detrimental effect on future outcomes. …

heterogeneous agents in which altruistic parents make schooling decisions for their children. In the presence of fixed and variable … costs for different levels of schooling, we show that reducing household costs of primary education has the largest positive … impact on growth and poverty reduction in the short run. Moreover, an increase in higher education spending increases long …

variation in children’s test scores at school entry. …

The Australian education system fares well in international comparison with regards to PISA test scores and the higher … education system attracts an increasing number of foreign students. Vocational education and training (VET) is an important part … of the post–secondary education system, equipping individuals with the skills to enter or re–enter the labour force and …

scores are low, a large number of tertiary students study abroad, and attainment rates are low at all levels of education …. Resources devoted to education are also modest. Participation in early childhood education and care is particularly low …, influencing education outcomes in later years, the child care sector is poorly regulated and under–developed, and the separate …