At the current moment there are lots of examples within the literature of cross-sectional estimates of gender wage differentials and discriminiation, however attempts to explain the dynamic processes which lead to the wage differences are rare. Furthermore studies which seek to analyse these...

Many institutional changes have taken place to payments systems. Indeed, they have been in continual change ever since money first emerged as the dominant technology for conducting transactions. Means of settlement between banks have changed: cheques replaced cash in many transactions, and they...