. This study aims at addressing the issues surrounding the prevalence of informal trade barriers in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan … in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The paper places special emphasis on informal barriers and the tools companies use to …The barriers to trade in developing countries constitute one of the major obstacles to economic development and growth …

earlier papers, the English took well more than a century to achieve final victory in the woollen broadcloth trade, though one …

“Does economic openness increase income?” is retested using quantity measures of trade, finance, and domestic economic … size, and the short answer is: “It de-pends”. The results show that Africa and the Americas lose from both trade and … financial openness, while Asia gains from trade openness but loses from financial openness. The industrialized region benefits …

In this paper it is argued that the domestic division of labor and trade is organized according to the same principle … as the international division of labor and trade – the Ricardian comparative advantages. After all, the ultimate source … trade, thus creating a Darwinist society of the survival of the fittest. The least productive individuals and those who face …

This paper constructs a general quilibrium trade model of a small open economy producing an exported good, an imported …