The article first reviews the title field, by tracing its evolution from the original notion of "made-in images" of the 1960s to the broader "product-place associations" of the 1990s and today’s "place branding", and then, based on studies by the authors and their associates, examines key...

Questo studio propone un modello di ricerca finalizzato ad indagare la relazione esistente tra le diverse componenti dell’immagine Paese - valutate a livello generale (general country image) e con riferimento agli attributi turistici (tourism destination image) e alle produzioni nazionali...

Purpose: The aim of the research is to identify whether product country image influences consumption patterns and purchase decisions of Romanian consumers, as well as to identify stereotypes regarding foreign products. Furthermore, the study aims to provide clear evidence regarding Romanian...

Technological innovations in the tourism industry have significantly influenced the communication channels between service providers and potential travelers. Virtual travel communities (VTCs) are now popular and influential venues for tourism information sharing, yet little is known about...

The literature on International Market Selection (IMS) contains many proposed models which make significant contributions but do not effectively address the IMS problems. A new tradeoff model is proposed that uses two key constructs, demand potential and trade barriers, as well as firm strategy...

Despite overstated claims of their ‘global’ homogeneity, ubiquity and contribution to ‘flattening’ spatial differences, the geographies of brands and branding actually do matter. This vibrant collection provides a comprehensive reference point for the emergent area of...

Language intricately interweaves with culture. Acquiring another language provides the tools for interpreting that culture's values and rules guiding social engagement. Hundreds of millions of consumers are currently learning and using English as a second (or third, etc.) tongue. To what extent...

This research applies the personality metaphor to examine the U.S. brand personality in China. Results indicate that the U.S. brand personality is a multidimensional construct composed of three main dimensions: amicableness, resourcefulness, and self-centeredness. An overall view indicates that...

The importance of establishing equivalence in measurement prior to conducting substantive cross-country comparisons has long been emphasized in international business research. However, all approaches currently available for the investigation of measurement equivalence or invariance (ME/I)...