We perform a statistical analysis of measured time series of sea levels at various coastal locations in the UK, measured at time differences of 15 min over the past 20 years. When the astronomical tide and other deterministic components are removed from the record, a stochastic signal...

We describe some recent applications of Tsallis statistics in fully developed hydrodynamic turbulence and in high-energy physics. For many of these applications nonextensive properties arise from spatial fluctuations of the temperature or the energy dissipation rate. The entropic index q is...

We apply the formalism of non-extensive statistical mechanics to fully developed turbulent flows. We obtain analytical formulas for probability density functions of velocity differences depending on distance r/η and Reynolds number Rλ, which are in very good agreement with turbulence...

Current astronomical measurements indicate that approximately 73% of the universe is made up of dark energy. Stochastically quantized self-interacting scalar fields can serve as suitable models to generate dark energy. We study a particular model where the scalar field theory underlying dark...

We generalize Hagedorn's statistical theory of momentum spectra of particles produced in high-energy collisions using Tsallis’ formalism of non-extensive statistical mechanics. Suitable non-extensive grand canonical partition functions are introduced for both fermions and bosons. Average...

A thermodynamic device placed outdoors, or a local ecosystem, is subject to a variety of different temperatures given by short-term (daily) and long-term (seasonal) variations. In the long term a superstatistical description makes sense, with a suitable distribution function f(β) of inverse...

Vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field induce current fluctuations in resistively shunted Josephson junctions that are measurable in terms of a physically relevant power spectrum. In this paper we investigate under which conditions vacuum fluctuations can be gravitationally active,...

Distributions exhibiting fat tails occur frequently in many different areas of science. A dynamical reason for fat tails can be a so-called superstatistics, where one has a superposition of local Gaussians whose variance fluctuates on a rather large spatio-temporal scale. After briefly reviewing...

We consider a generalized statistical mechanics model for the creation process of cosmic rays which takes into account local temperature fluctuations. This model yields Tsallis statistics for the cosmic ray spectrum. It predicts an entropic index q given by q=119 at largest energies (equivalent...

A theory of the cosmological constant Λ is currently out of reach. Still, one can start from a set of axioms that describe the most desirable properties a cosmological constant should have. This can be seen in certain analogy to the Khinchin axioms in information theory, which fix the most...