This paper describes initial analysis of branching points on a set of transition pathways to a UK low carbon electricity future by 2050. As described in other papers in this special issue, we are exploring and analysing a set of core transition pathways, based on alternative governance patterns...

This paper reviews the factors that can influence environmental quality in the course of economic development, and examines critically empirical studies that have been carried out, including those that have produced evidence of environmental 'Kuznets curves' (EKCs). It also considers the policy...

The purpose of this paper is to provide information on the views of a set of ‘experts’ about UK energy policy, and to contribute to the debate about energy policy in the UK and elsewhere. The paper summarises the results of two surveys, carried out in November 1992 and December 1994, of the...

The aims of SEEC’s energy demand forecast’s (1993-2000) are to present the underlying determinants of fuel consumption, such as economic activity and prices; develop a series of simple yet reliable sectoral models of energy demand, which incorporate recent modelling developments; provide...

In this paper we review the fiscal evolution of China and Russia, asking how the process of creating a separate, tax-financed public sector in the two countries differed. We observe that the size of China's budget sector was consistently smaller than in Russia and that budget decentralization...

This study attempts to provide benchmarks of North Korean institutional changes that signal the increased role of markets, looking at macroeconomic management, introduction of market-supporting policies, and provision of market-supporting infrastructure. The weight of the evidence indicates that...

Do Russian federal expenditures serve to reduce regional inequality, to insure against exogenous shocks, or to compensate regions for low tax capacity? Do sub-national governments appear to engage in strategic behavior in attempting to influence central governmental transfers? Using a panel data...

We review the fiscal evolution of China and Russia and how the process of creating a separate tax-financed public sector in the two countries differed. China's fiscal budget was consistently smaller than in Russia, and their fiscal decentralisation was consistently greater. In China, local...

Between 2001 and 2007, rising prices of oil and gas provided a gigantic domestic windfall for Russia’s government in the form of export duties and resource taxes. However, the windfall created incentives for the federal government to re-capture control rights to natural resource stocks. Thus,...