We construct a semi endogenous growth model with firm heterogeneity, endogenous international spillover, and international trade and investigate the effects of further exposure to trade on R&D difficulty and welfare. Further exposure has ambiguous effects on R&D difficulty, increases when the...

This paper shows that globalization increases (decreases) the growth rate if and only if the beachhead cost for the domestic market is strictly higher (lower) than that for the foreign market in a endogenous growth model with firm heterogeneity, international trade, and endogenous international...

We consider a semi endogenous R&D growth model with international trade, firm heterogeneity, and local knowledge spillover in a closed economy and international knowledge spillover in a symmetric two country economy. We show that by opening trade R&D difficulty (the number of varieties produced)...

Various arrangements in vertical relationships have evolved in different countries to attain efficient trading relationships. Vertical relationships in Japan can be identified to have distinctive characteristics in several aspects compared with those in other countries. This study is a...

This paper examines the effects of structural changes in financial system on corporate system, particularly finance and employment in Japan, and discusses the underlying problems and the future directions. Japanese corporate system can be characterized to be cooperative long-term relationships...

We present a simple two(-country) by two(-good) differental game model of international trade in which the governments of the two countries play a tariff-setting game. We explicitly derive a unilateral optimum tarifff rate and then a Markov-perfect equilibrium pair of tariff strategies...

Our empirical study provides the first insights of executive staffing practice patterns in foreign-owned multinational company (MNC) subsidiaries based in Japan. We explore determinants for parent country nationals (PCN) as top managing directors and - new in the International Human Resource...

Drawing from the knowledge-based view of MNCs and the upper echelon perspective, we examine the relationship between top management characteristics of MNC affiliates and affiliate performance. Using a sample of 643 foreign MNC affiliates operating in Japan, we found that when the length of an...

This paper shows stochastic versions of (i) Michel's (1990, Econometrica 58, 705--723, Theorem 1) necessity result , (ii) a generalization of the TVC results of Weitzman (1973, Manage. Sci. 19, 783--789) and Ekeland and Scheinkman (1986, Math. Oper. Res. 11, 216--229), and (iii) Kamihigashi's...

Asian Financial Crisis gave a devastating impact on East Asian countries, which had been enjoying good economic performance. As a result, there emerged various initiatives for monetary cooperation in order to avoid the next crisis in the region. However, there are pros and cons on the regional...