This paper studies, in a spatial model. optimal licensing policies by first, comparing our results with the standard (non-spatial) licensing literature, and second, how results are affected if the patent holder can introduce a vertical restraint (exclusive territories). Contrary to standard...

The purpose of or paper is to study licensing policies for the owner of a product innovation in a spatial model. We compare patent holder’s profits when fees are used to extract licensees’ rents both in the cases of noncompetitive ( the licence includes en exclusive territory clause) and...

We analyze a multi-stage non-cooperative game involving an outside patent-holder, who seeks to licence a process innovation, and two price-setting firms located on a circumference. Three licensing policies are studied: the auction, the fixed fee and the per unit output royalty. The main finding...

We develop a theoretical model of retail competition that include two sources of quality, one inherently linked to brand characteristics and the other linked to the retailer level of service. We then measure their contribution in explaining the observed price differentials for a sample of U.K....

A key recent theme in maritime freight transport is the involvement of shipping lines in terminal management. Such investments are costly but allow liners to provide better service. Most of these new terminals are dedicated terminals but some are non-exclusive and let rivals access them for a...

We revisit and extend previous theoretical work on internationalization decisions by firms which are imperfectly informed on the state of the demand in the market into which they are planning to export or enter through foreign direct investment (FDI). The latter is a costly strategy mitigating...