This study examines the impact of the bilateral aviation framework on passenger air transport service imports focusing on the US and Japan. The US promoted liberalization under its Open Skies framework from the 1980s, while Japan supported phased-in liberalization under the traditional bilateral...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between foreign subsidiary staffing and subsidiary performance by focussing on two staffing practices: first, the ratio of parent country nationals (PCNs) to foreign subsidiary employees and second, the number of PCNs assigned...

Although the number of people under the absolute poverty line has been dramatically reduced, there are still various challenges in poverty reduction. Inequality is growing in many middle income countries. The very poor people in some middle income countries are poorer than those in low income...

This study adopts an integrative approach that incorporates the resource-based view and institutional theory in its analyses of the performances of multinational corporations in China. Firm-specific resources have been assumed as a unique source of competitive advantages when firms go overseas....

The time-series data of national opinion poll shows increasing support for economic cooperation since 2005. However, the general account budget for official development assistance has been continuously decreased. It is now below half of its peak in 1997. Although Japan’s public debt has...

This paper presents calibration of the Vehicle Routing and scheduling Problems with Time Windows-Probabilistic (VRPTW-P) model which takes into account the uncertainty of travel times. Probe vehicle data of travel times were obtained from usual operation of pickup-delivery trucks in South Osaka...

This study investigates how institutional distance between a home country and a host country affects the ownership structure of foreign subsidiaries. Using a sample consisting of foreign subsidiaries of Japanese firms, the effect of institutional distance on the ownership structure of foreign...