The purpose of this study is to reinvestigate the relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth in Malaysia, over the period from 1960 to 2006. The bounds testing procedure is used to examine the long-run equilibrium relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth....

The main purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the stability of causal relationship between government expenditure and economic growth in the light of Wagner’s law and Keynesian hypotheses, in Malaysia. The results of the recursive regression-based causality tests indicate that...

The savings–growth nexus is an age-old empirical problem, but the causal relationship between savings and economic growth remains controversial. Establishing a clear causal relationship has signifi cant policymaking implications for economic growth and development. Therefore, the purpose...

The main objective of this study was to re-examine the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) and exports in Malaysia’s economic growth over the period of 1970 to 2006. The Johansen and Juselius (1990) cointegration test was used to investigate the presence of a long-run equilibrium...

The intention of this study was to investigate whether the causal inference between savings and economic growth in Malaysia is sensitive to the particular causality tests employed to ascertain the causal relationship. This study covered quarterly data from 1991:Q1 to 2006:Q3. The results...

This study re-investigates the export-led growth hypothesis for Asia's Four Little Dragons using cointegration and rolling causality analyses. Employing both bivariate (exports and GDP) and trivariate (exports, GDP and exchange rate) models, the study finds that exports and GDP are cointegrated...

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions, energy consumption, FDI (foreign direct investment) and economic growth in Vietnam over the period from 1976 to 2009. The techniques of cointegration and Granger causality are adopted to examine the...

Policymakers in the developed and developing countries already heading toward medical tourism to stimulate economic growth. Nonetheless, the actual impact of medical tourism on economic growth remains ambiguous. Although medical tourism may spur economic growth via its impact on foreign currency...

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between savings and economic growth in Pakistan over the period 1971–2011. The cointegration and the Granger causality tests are adopted to examine the relationship between the variables. The results confirm the existence of long-run...

This study examines the relationship between labour productivity, real wages and inflation in Malaysia using the bounds testing approach to cointegration and also the Granger causality test. The findings of this study suggest that inflation is negatively related to labour productivity. However,...