Romanian banks use derivatives to hedge against or speculate on the movement of economic variables such as foreign exchange rate or interest rate. To report these contracts, they apply the IFRS in both consolidated accounts (from 2007 onwards) and individual accounts (starting with 2012). This...

The term ecological agriculture has been attributed by the European Union of Romania to define this system of agriculture and is similar with terms organic agriculture or biological agriculture, which are used in other member states. One of the main goals of ecological agriculture is the...

Monte Carlo simulation is used with predilection when multidimensional problems are discussed (eg, the outcome depends on more variables or risk factors). The method was invented by American scientists in 1940 when it was used to simulate the trajectory of a neutron in uranium or plutonium....

The origins of the Economic Value Added comes from Hamilton (1877) and Marshall (1890), which showed that companies can create wealth if you manage to earn more than their own capital costs and liabilities. Economic Value Added is an indicator for measuring performance based on real economic...

Because of the financial and economic crisis that has affected Romania since October 2008, many people do no longer qualify for the bank loans they need to finance their investments or daily expenses. The alternative could be getting the money by pledging a personal good (especially jewelries)...

Many specialists consider that financial instruments such as credit derivatives are, among other factors, to be blamed for the current financial crisis. This financial engineering, called credit deriva-tives, long praised as a great way of diffusing risks for banks, encouraged many financial...