We propose a new empirical approach to analyzing fiscal decentralization and apply it to Chinese intergovernmental fiscal relationships between the central government and provincial governments. In calculating budgetary revenue and expenditure shares, we include extra budgetary revenue and...

We investigate the effects of urban and rural populations and area sizes on the expenditures of the prefecture-level local government. We found the following three results. The first relates to the expenditure for urban populations. At around 220,000 people, per capita local government...

We estimate the stocks of patents and their growth rates in the Italian textile and chemical industries between 1904 and 1937. The stocks and growth rates by nationality are estimated for Italy, France, Germany, the UK, Switzerland, and the USA. The Italian patent stock in the textile industry...

Using a disequilibrium model, we investigate the relationship between the supply constraint of electricity generation capacity and electricity demand in Taiwan. We find that electricity consumption faced supply constraints in Taiwan between 1959 and 1972, but that after 1973 generation capacity...

The standard argument is that while money creation and credit creation have different channels, they provide the same theoretical size of multipliers. However, there is usually some difference in practice. Consequently, in this paper we investigate the long-run relationship between the credit...

We conducted a questionnaire survey in the Kanto area regarding peoplefs dissatisfaction with various aspects of their dwelling environment. Dissatisfaction with access to transportation, shopping and medical facilities are important reasons for moving house. Probit model estimation implies that...

Life-Cycle/Permanent Income Hypothesis (LCPIH) could be decomposed into the following three hypotheses: (1) Rational expectation in a narrow sense; (2) Householdsf having planning ability; and (3) Householdsf having execution ability for his optimal consumption plan. We test the LCPIH by parts,...

The Amami Islands are located 380 kilometers southwest of Japan proper. These islands have two economic features: they are islands that many tourists visit because of their natural resources, and they are an undeveloped area where the central government of Japan provides large fiscal subsidies....

In this paper, we investigate causal relationships among exports, imports, and economic growth in North Korea by using time series data for the period between 1964 and 2004. The empirical results show that there was Granger causality from imports to GNP in the first half of the period. However,...

This paper investigates the impacts of the BSE and Bird Flu on consumersf meat demand in Japan using the Almost Ideal demand system. BSE and Bird Flu scares bring about a fall in demand for beef and chicken respectively, and an upturn in demand for pork and fishery products, both of which are...