Causal effects of a policy change on hazard rates of a duration outcome variable are not identified from a comparison of spells before and after the policy change, if there is unobserved heterogeneity in the effects and no model structure is imposed. We develop a discontinuity approach that...

This paper reviews a range of the most popular policy evaluation methods in empirical microeconomics: social experiments, natural experiments, matching methods, instrumental variables, discontinuity design and control functions. It discusses the identification of both the traditionally used...

R&D and innovation are seen as key determinants of productivity and competitiveness and it has been recognized that the low growth performances of EU countries of the last decades can largely be attributable to their poor research performance, as compared to the US. As a consequence, most EU...

Ce papier vise à estimer l'effet des hausses de la durée requise de cotisation des réformes 1993 et 2003 des retraites sur l'allongement de la durée des carrières en France. L'utilisation des données administratives et exhaustives de la CNAV (1994-2003) nous permet de rendre compte...

Ce rapport vise à clarifier les enjeux conceptuels et quantitatifs que poserait l'introduction d'un impôt généralisé sur le capital. L'hypothèse de travail consiste à supprimer des impôts jugés économiquement néfastes pour les remplacer par un impôt sur le capital. Une telle réforme...

A model of labour supply is developed in which individuals face restrictions on hours choices. Observed hours reflect both the distribution of preferences and the distribution of offers. In this framework the choice set is limited and observed hours may not appear to satisfy the revealed...

Dynamic scoring – taking full account of all the economic effects of policies when estimating their budgetary effects – is almost self-evidently attractive. But it is formidably difficult to achieve. This paper assesses the key conceptual and practical challenges it poses and considers the...