Solutions of the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equation for a charged particle in the field of an electromagnetic plane wave in a medium with a constant refractive index n are discussed. Generally, for n2 < 1, spontaneous pair creation from the vacuum, and for n2 > 1, energy bands are observed. The interplay of Compton and Cherenkov scattering is discussed....</1,>

This paper investigates the innovation effects of science-related technological opportunities. Against the background of theoretical considerations about the interrelation of innovation and the adaptation of external (knowledge) resources, the impacts of technological opportunities stemming from...

For newly-founded and established firms different initial or prevailing conditions apply in the innovation process. Against this background, the question arises as to what implications this has for a firm's innovation behaviour and to what extent both groups of companies differ significantly...

The aim of the paper is to investigate in a simultaneous equation framework the role of R&D cooperation in the innovation process under two specific aspects. First, the analysis is concentrated on the impact of R&D cooperation - in line with other factors - on firm's innovation input and output....

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of technological opportunities on the innovation activities of firms, depending on their absorptive capacities. The importance and impacts of the ability of firms to use external knowledge sources were inquired especially for external knowledge...

The main focus of this paper is on the examination of the role and importance of innovation networks in the decision to found a firm and after entry to the market has taken place. For newly-founded firms from business sectors with high innovation intensity, the implications resulting from the...

The center piece of this analysis is to investigate the interdependence between newly founded firms, established firms and innovation networks. On grounds of the reflections on firms' innovation activities and technological opportunities, the influence of network-membership (among other aspects)...

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the role of universities in the innovation process. Against the background of theoretical considerations about the interrelation of innovation and the adaptation of external resources, the effects of university-based (knowledge) resources – together with...