ANDERSON J. and O'DOWD L. (1999) Borders, border regions and territoriality: contradictory meanings, changing significance, Reg. Studies 33 , 593-604. The meaning and significance of state borders, as well as their geographical location, can change drastically over space and time. Along with...

International trade policies are often compared across countries and over time for a variety of purposes. Analysts use such measures as arithmetic or trade-weighted average tariffs, Non-Tariff Barrier (NTB) coverage ratios and measures of tariff dispersion. All such measures are without...

Historical evidence suggests that Mafias originally formed to provide enforcement of legitimate property rights when state enforcement was weak. We provide a general equilibrium model of Mafias as enforcement coalitions which protect property from predators. Both the level of predation and the...

The gravity model has been widely used to infer substantial trade flow effects of institutions such as customs unions and exchange rate mechanisms. McCallum [1995] found that the US-Canada border led to trade between provinces that was a factor 22 (2,200%) times trade between states and...

Corruption and imperfect contract enforcement dramatically reduce trade. This paper estimates the reduction, using a structural model of import demand in which transactions costs impose a price markup on traded goods. We find that inadequate institutions constrain trade far more than tariffs do....

Human mortality patterns are modeled as the loss of an individual’s vitality, a measure of survival capacity, by senescence or when random extrinsic challenges exceed the remaining vitality. The model characterizes the stochastic rate of loss of vitality as a Wiener process and random...

Technological change in the form of aquaculture is becoming an important factor m the market for several species of fish. In the light of those changes, producers in some ocean-based fishenes need to evaluate their production and pricing strategies relative to their emerging...

The paper studies the impact of migration policy liberalization in the enlarged EU. Adopting a structural NEG approach, we attempt to asses the direction, size and dynamics of potential labor migration after the end of the 'transitional measures', which are restricting the relocation of workers....