The rapid diffusion of the internet and electronic commerce changes the way business and international trade take place. The new economy poses new challenges to the international and European regulatory framework, since small distortions due to differing sets of regulations and taxation between...

The German property market has shown a remarkably stable performance over the last decades. Especially in the worldwide financial crisis 2008 and 2009 German valuation practise has been questioned by international and especially UK market participants. The paper investigates the performance of...

This study focuses on global real estate return distributions. For our analysis, we employ the class of stable distributions that has become prominent in the real estate literature. We add to the literature by undertaking a global-scale analysis for the first time. By using data since the early...

In a global sense, the concept of sustainability plays nowadays an important role in governments, society and especially in the real estate sector, which is responsible for 40% of final energy consumption in the European Union. This reflects not only the enormous potential of buildings in...

In 2006 Special real estate funds in Germany represent more than EUR 19 billion assets in real estate. It is quite notably that the total return fell on average from 6.5% in 2001 to 2.8% in 2005. However, during the whole analysed period of 2001-2005 the income return remained at 5.4%, whereas...

Special real estate funds in Germany represent more than EUR 16 billion assets in real estate. Investors, investment companies and the public domain did not yet have any access to performance data of the special real estate funds. The paper intends to close this gap and provides a thorough...

This paper examines to what extent Eastern Europe trade reorientation towards the West has been driven by market forces versus policies for regional integration. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on bilateral trade intensity reveals the convergence of regional trade structures to the pre-...

Initiatives to reduce transatlantic trade barriers or to harmonize trade-related domestic policies in the EU and the US appear regularly on the agenda of policy makers. The last decade saw also considerable steps in transatlantic economic cooperation focusing on special aspects. In February...

The aim of the paper is to give a better understanding of the risk return relationship of various investment products in Germany. The paper analyses the performance of open ended funds (both public and special) and listed real estate companies. For the purpose of this analyis a benchmark for...

The increase in cross border investments tends to synchronise the national markets. Based on the extensive database of DID and IPD it can be derived that the property markets within Europe reveal signs of convergence. This convergence is especially pronounced in the office market, where the...