In current science policies, competition and output incentives are emphasized as a means of making university systems efficient and productive. By comparing eight countries, this article analyzes how funding environments of university research vary across countries and whether more competitive...

As universities around the world are under pressure to produce commercial outputs of their research results, it is surprising how a few studies have been conducted about intermediary organizations and their role in this matter. The intermediaries’ basic roles to diminish market and system...

The ability of universities to efficiently produce high-standard knowledge has become an important goal in science policies of many developed countries. Thus, many countries nowadays steer universities based on performance monitoring and competition. This article analyzes the connection between...

This article examines the effectiveness of a new non-survey regionalization method: Kronenberg’s Cross-Hauling Adjusted Regionalization Method (CHARM). This aims to take into account the fact that regions typically both import and export most commodities. Data for Uusimaa,...

Data for the Chinese province of Hubei are used to assess the performance of Kronenberg's CHARM, a method that takes explicit account of cross-hauling when constructing regional input-output tables. A key determinant of cross-hauling is held to be the heterogeneity of the products of individual...

In the contemporary knowledge economy, characterized by both globalization and localization of economic activities, the ability of both firms and their respective regions to adapt to changes in their external environment and to retain their competitiveness is closely related to their capacity to...

Data for the Chinese province of Hubei are used to assess the performance of Kronenberg’s CHARM, a method that takes explicit account of cross-hauling when constructing regional input-output tables. A key determinant of cross-hauling is held to be the heterogeneity of the products of...

This paper re-examines the Finnish evidence presented by Lehtonen and Tykkyläinen on the use of location quotients (LQs) in estimating regional input coefficients and multipliers. They argue that the choice of an LQ-based method is a gamble and that there is no single method that can be...

This paper examines the effectiveness of a new non-survey regionalization method: Kronenberg's Cross-Hauling Adjusted Regionalization Method (CHARM). This aims to take into account the fact that regions typically both import and export most commodities. Data for Uusimaa, Finland's largest...

F<sc>legg</sc> A. T. and T<sc>ohmo</sc> T. Regional input -- output tables and the FLQ formula: a case study of Finland, <italic>Regional Studies</italic>. This paper examines the use of location quotients (LQs) in constructing regional input -- output tables. Its focus is on the modified FLQ formula proposed by Flegg and...