Differential evolution (DE) is one of the most powerful stochastic search methods which was introduced originally for continuous optimization. In this sense, it is of low efficiency in dealing with discrete problems. In this paper we try to cover this deficiency through introducing a new version...

Decision making about portfolio selection problem under uncertainty is very important and critical, so it is rational and necessary to use ideas of a DM who is proficient in stochastic problems. For example, the Goal Attainment Programming (GAP) is one of the methods in priori category that...