We examine the impact of financial constraints on the relation between antitakeover protection and corporate innovation. On one hand, potential information asymmetry problems in financially constrained firms can exacerbate the entrenchment effect associated with increased antitakeover...

Prior studies argue that demographic diversity on a firm's board impacts its information environment, yet there is limited empirical evidence regarding the relation between board diversity and corporate opacity. We extend this line of research by examining whether gender and ethnic diversity of...

As the global energy market undergoes profound changes with price of oil reaching record highs and China emerging as a major force in world energy and global energy geo-politics, a debate on what has been described as 'China energy threat' seems to be gaining ground in western strategic circles....

A series of interesting questions will be proposed and tried to be answered in this paper such as: Is there a limit of disaster-bearing capability in a region human-environment system (HES) when the system is hit by an extreme flood disaster? If so, what does it mean and how can it be explained?...

The rational expectations equilibrium (REE), as introduced in Radner (1979) in a general equilibrium setting à la Arrow–Debreu–McKenzie, often fails to have desirable properties such as universal existence, incentive compatibility and efficiency. We resolve those problems by providing a new...

This study investigates the role of sustainable energy volatility in a market participant’s competitive expansion planning problem. The incomplete information non-cooperative game-theoretic method is utilized in which each generation company (GENCO) perceives strategies of other market...

In this paper, we first propose a constrained optimization reformulation to the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$L_{1/2}$$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"> <math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math> </EquationSource> </InlineEquation> regularization problem. The constrained problem is to minimize a smooth function subject to some quadratic constraints and nonnegative constraints. A good property of the constrained...</equationsource></equationsource></inlineequation>