In this paper the relation of underground economy and tax gap in Iran has been examined. The results show that the underground economy size is almost 20 percent of GDP in Iran. In this research three methods of estimation of underground economy size has been used and combined to achieve a more...

This article investigates the pass-through of exchange rate shocks into import, wholesale and consumer price indexes in Iran by using a monthly data set for the period 1990-2006. The baseline analysis is carried out with identified an unrestricted vector autoregressive model. Impulse response...

Oil revenues and the effect exerted on the economic climate have long captured the researchers’ attention. Drawing on the importance of oil in oil producing countries, this study taps into the impact of a rise in oil prices on different economic sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture...

This paper examines causal relationships between environment, GDP and trade for Iran using annual data over the period 1970-201, applying the techniques of the long–run Granger non–causality test proposed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995). The results suggest that there is a long-run relationship...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between CO2 emissions and GDP in a panel of 11 selected oil exporting countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. A three-variable model is formulated with openness as the third variable. The...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between environmental quality, GDP and trade for MENA region countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. The results show a strong causality from GDP and trade to environmental quality in...

The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship among environment, economic growth and openness in Iran for the period 1970-2011, based on the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. The study finds a cointegrating relationship among these variables with co2 emission as...

The relationship between government revenue and government expenditure has been an important topic in public economics, given its relevance for policy especially with respect to the budget deficit. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between government revenue and...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between environmental quality, economic growth and trade in D8 countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. The results suggest that there is a long-run relationship between these variables....

A central problem in empirical macroeconomics is to determine when and how much the exchange rate is misaligned. This paper clarifies and calculates the concept of the equilibrium real exchange rate, using a structural vector auto regression (VAR) model. By imposing long-run restrictions on a...