The formula approach used in many trade negotiations involves large formula cuts in high tariffs, with flexibilities that allow smaller cuts for selected products. Difficulties in evaluating the effects of these exceptions can create major problems. We use a politicaleconomy welfare function and...

Many trade negotiations involve large cuts in high tariffs, while allowing smaller cuts for an agreed share of politically sensitive products. The effects of these flexibilities on market access opportunities are difficult to predict, creating particular problems for developing countries in...

Traditional weighted-average measures of trade distortions are widely used in analyzing global and regional reforms, despite well-known deficiencies. This paper develops and applies optimal aggregators for the real-world case of multiple countries and commodities with much more detailed...

In this paper, we provide an overview of the agricultural trade negotiations within the current World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations and we show that including agriculture in the Doha Development Agenda talks is important both economically and politically, although the political...

MAcMap-HS6 est une base qui fournit une mesure cohérente de l’équivalent ad valorem des droits de douane et des contingents tarifaires pour 163 pays et 208 partenaires, au niveau à six chiffres du Système Harmonisé (5,111 produits), en tenant compte de tous les accords préférentiels...

This paper presents MAcMap-HS-6, a database providing a consistent, <i>ad valorem</i> equivalent measure of tariff duties and tariff rate quotas for 163 countries and 208 partners, at the six-digit level of the Harmonized System (5111 products), accounting for all preferential agreements. We describe...