This paper presents an analytic framework to measure the spatial segregation caused by reducing or forbidding the free movement of pedestrians, due to the existence of a highway or other type of transport facility with barriers that prevent pedestrians from crossing it. First, using empirical...

We argue that prevailing technologies for bus fare payment and boarding rules make boarding and alighting time t - usually treated as an exogenous parameter - a relevant decision variable in the optimisation of bus services. We show that diminishing t reduces optimal bus frequency and increases...

A number of studies have shown that in addition to travel time and cost as the common influences on mode, route and departure time choices, travel time variability plays an increasingly important role, especially in the presence of traffic congestion on roads and crowding on public transport....

Understanding the dynamics of boarding/alighting activities and its impact on bus dwell times is crucial to improving bus service levels. However, research is limited as conventional data collection methods are both time and labour intensive. In this paper, we present the first use of smart card...

A renewed interest in public transport analysis and development has triggered a debate among policy makers, practitioners and stakeholders regarding technologies, design, pricing, subsidies and contract forms for optimal policy, including social well-being and the financing of public transport...

This paper re-considers the problem of choosing the number of bus stops along urban routes, first by estimating the probability of stopping in low demand markets, and second by analysing the interplay between bus stop size, bus running speed, spacing and congestion in high demand markets. A...

We compare analytically and numerically the optimised performance of different urban public transport modes for three objectives: total cost minimisation, profit maximisation, and welfare maximisation. We find that under optimal operation, buses provide lower waiting time and operator costs,...

In this paper, we examine the main concepts of transport pricing in an urban environment, focusing on the automobile, public transport and walking or cycling as travel alternatives. A review of the literature on the first-best and second-best pricing policies is provided, with an emphasis on...

A model to compare three alternative forms of public transport - light rail, heavy rail and bus rapid transit - is developed for an urban network with radial lines emanating from the borders to the city centre. The theoretical framework assumes an operation aimed at minimising the total cost...

Urban transit demand exhibits peaks in time and space, which can be efficiently served by means of different fleets, increasing frequencies in those groups of stops with larger passenger inflow. In this paper we develop a model that combines short turning and deadheading in an integrated...