This paper demonstrates that the current literature on cross-ownership among firms underestimates the true degree of separation between cash flow rights and voting rights. We use accounting identities to define coefficients of control, such that any (direct or indirect) control of a firm may be...

We develop a hybrid algorithm using Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA) to solve multi-objective step function maximization problems. We then apply the algorithm to a specific economic problem which is taken out of the corporate governance literature.

This paper examines the composition of supervisory boards of German banks for a sample of 41 large banks in the period 1999-2006. We find that the supervisory board structure reflects both outside control by shareholders and inside control by stakeholders. Most of the non-employee board members...

A supervisory board might be seen as an advantageous element of corporate governance. Whether supervision of management is actually beneficial is analyzed under the assumption that the supervisor is not immune to misjudgment as a monitor or may not be a good consultant. The benefits of having...

Bank intermediated finance has been cited frequently as the preferred means for channeling funds from savers to firms. Germany is the prototypical economy where universal banks allegedly exert substantial influence over firms. Despite frequent assertions about the considerable power of German...

This paper investigates the motive of geographic risk diversification in the lending activity for bank mergers in the EU on a sample of large banking groups. Geographic diversification should allow banks to reduce their risk. We observe that the loan portfolios of European banks are home-biased....

An analysis was made of then effect of the Tender Offer Law in Chile, and of the related situation of five countries with a more developed market than the Chilean one, reaching the conclusion that in order to successfully implement a Tender Offer Law it is necessary to bear in mind that the...

The great merger movement at the turn of the century significantly increased the concentration of many American manufacturing industries. It occurred just as many of them were beginning to electrify their production processes. The conjunction of these two events suggests a simple test of...

The antitrust agencies analyze consequences of proposed mergers assuming that imports are constrained by existing quotas, a second-best approach. This policy is flawed. Quotas are endogenous. If a merger allows firms to reduce output, the quota will be increased. If an industry has sufficient...