Observed levels of tax compliance are higher than predicted levels (when predictions are based on Allingham and Sandmo's neoclassical model of tax evasion). They are higher if social norms recognise the importance of compliance. But how do social norms frame decisions to pay tax? Can prospect...

A number of health care systems use waiting time as a rationing device for access to inpatient care. However, a considerable amount of research has focussed in particular on the UK's National Health Service and its perceived problem of waiting "lists". In this chapter a theoretical discussion...

Abstract One advantage of in-kind transfers is that they can focus assistance on low-income(eligible) beneficiaries by appearing relatively unattractive to high-income (ineligi ble) individuals. This article attempts to identify the conditions under which an in-kind transfer performs...

Identification of the welfare costs associated with rent seeking depends sensitively on the conditions that pertain to each case being considered It is dangerous to suppose that a particular rule will apply across the board. This argument is illustrated with respect to two examples. In the first...