This paper examines the role of long standing institutions – identified through geography, disease ecology, colonial legacy, and some direct measures of political and economic governance – on human development and its non income components across countries. The study employs a novel...

This study is an attempt to examine empirically the association between socio-economic measures of deprivation—such as food insecurity, landlessness, unemployment, and human under-development—and the incidence of violent conflict as measured by the number of violent attacks across districts...

This paper has the following objectives: • To provide information on Pakistan’s economy, labour and demography, education, and present situation in the TVET system and employment sectors; • To provide information about knowledge gaps and to make recommendations for further analysis and...