At present, despite the great advances in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology over the past two decades through intensive research and development activities, their large-scale commercialization is still hampered by their higher materials cost and lower reliability and...

PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) is a typical material used to fabricate optofluidic microreactors for photocatalytic water splitting application. However, conventional direct catalyst coating methods are unable to load catalysts firmly and uniformly on the PDMS substrate, which results in weak bond...

Molten slag exhausted with critically high temperature of about 1450–1550°C is a potential resource of energy and raw materials. Water quenching is a traditional heat recovery technology, which uses cold water to cool down slag so as to achieve the desired glassy by-products. However, this...

Fermentative hydrogen production from biomass wastes is a promising technology combining waste treatment and clean fuel production. Biomass wastes have various types and components, while the fundamental fermentation reactions involve monosaccharides and amino acids. In this study, typical...

Seaweed may be a source of third generation gaseous biofuel, in the form of biomethane. The scientific literature is sparse on the relative suitability of different varieties of seaweed to produce biomethane. This paper assesses the BMP (biochemical methane potential), ultimate analysis and...

16s rRNA gene sequence analysis is applied in the semi-continuous fermentation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to monitor changes in the microbial community of HPB (hydrogen-producing bacteria). The microbial community of HPB on the 4th day is mainly composed of one genus (Clostridium) including one...

Trehalose was pretreated by microwave heating with dilute acid to improve glucose yield and hydrogen production during dark-fermentation. An optimal glucose yield of 0.95 ± 0.08 g/g-trehalose was obtained when trehalose was pretreated by microwave heating with 1% dilute H2SO4 for 25 min at...

Water hyacinth, as waste biomass, can potentially replace fossil fuels and address pressing issues of energy shortage and serious environmental pollution. In this study, microwave-assisted dilute acid pretreatment was proposed to enhance the enzymatic saccharification of water hyacinth for...

To enhance energy production efficiency (EPE) from microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP), cassava starch (CS) was mixed with CP to optimise the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and facilitate efficient dark hydrogen fermentation, followed by photo hydrogen fermentation and methanogenesis. Steam...

To improve the lipid accumulation of diatom cells, Nitzschia sp. was mutated by 60Co-γ-ray irradiation and cultivated with high salinity. The biomass and lipid yields of Nitzschia sp. mutated by 60Co-γ-ray irradiation at 900 Gy were increased by 53.8% and 28.1%, respectively. The lipid...