For long, the EU has assumed leadership in advancing domestic and international climate change policy. Whilst pushing its negotiations partner in international negotiations, it has led the way in implementing a host of domestic measures including a unilateral legally binding target, an ambitious...

This book reports and rationalizes the state-of-the-art concerning the social costs of electricity generation. Social costs are assessed by adding to the private generation costs, the external costs associated with damages to human health, the environment, crops, materials, and those related to...

The European Commission’s proposal for a Directive on the award of concession contracts has sparked vigorous public debate and intense opposition. This Directive is controversial because of the nature of the policy it proposes and because the sectors involved are highly sensitive. This Forum...

The disastrous effects of numerous winter storms on the marine environment in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea during the last decade show that wind waves generated by strong winds actually represent natural hazards and require high quality wave forecast systems as warning tools to avoid losses...

While the earth summit Rio+20 is taking place, top scholars from IEA, KTH, CEPS, IIASA and EBRD discuss the main issues concerning Energy poverty which should be kept at the centre of the political and scientific debate.

Energy market liberalization and international economic interdependence have affected governments’ ability to react to security of supply challenges. On the other side, whereas in the past security of supply was largely seen as a national responsibility, the frame of reference has increasingly...

What is the macro-economic case for border measures? A central tenet of economics is that the imposition of a border tax (a tariff) will always reduce global welfare. This holds even in the untypical case that a tariff increases the welfare of the country that imposes it. However, the existence...

The difficulty of achieving and implementing a global climate change agreement has stimulated a wide range of policy proposals designed to favour the participation of a large number of countries in a global cooperative effort to control greenhouse gas emissions. This significant book analyses...