<title>Abstract</title> Despite their increasing importance worldwide, community foundations remain rare in much of East Asia. This comparative analysis of three community-based foundations currently operating in Japan, China and South Korea seeks to understand the role they play and factors that promote or...

This article investigates the nature of the service production choice of local governments. The incentives and constraints embedded in different organizational forms--public, nonprofit, and for-profit organizations--have implications for both production and transaction costs of various...

Several empirical regularities concerning firm growth rates and industry firm-size distributions have been developed by studying primarily mature industries. The primary purpose of this article is to bring together and extend empirical regularities on the evolution of new industries and to use...

Local governments that choose to externally produce a service can contract with other governments, for-profit firms, or nonprofit organizations. This contractor choice is modeled as one in which the local government decisionmaker minimizes service delivery costs, both production and transaction...

In this paper, we consider an inventory–routing problem (IRP) in a large petroleum and petrochemical enterprise group. Compared to many other IRPs, the problem in this paper includes some special aspects due to the operational constraints, such as hours-of-service regulations of the company...

On the basis of new characteristics and trend of China’s agricultural development in the post-WTO period, combining analysis of factors influencing agricultural industrial safety, this paper builds an evaluation indicator system for China’s agricultural industrial safety by...

Energy consumption has always been a central issue for sustainable urban assessment and planning. Different forms of energy analysis can provide various insights for energy policy making. This paper brought together three approaches for energy consumption accounting, i.e., energy flow analysis...

Hydropower is the major renewable energy source for many nations and regions. Dam construction caused direct or indirect detrimental impacts on river systems by altering the water flow pattern and reshaping natural habitats. The dam-induced environmental impact assessment is critical in...

Modeling and detecting parameter stability of econometric models is a long standing problem. Most existing estimation and testing methods are designed for models without endogeneity. Little attention has been paid to models with endogeneous regressors, which may arise in many scenarios in...

Biogas engineering and the biogas-linked agricultural industries as a whole has been used as both a developmental strategy for rural new energy and an important part of renewable agriculture revolution in China. In this paper, we proposed a 3-level emergetic evaluation framework to investigate...