In economically developed countries, aging of the population with fewer children is progressing. Social security benefits such as pensions and elderly care are increasing. In a society with fewer children, it is difficult for a government to provide sufficient pension benefits for older people...

Some economically developed countries are suffering from an aging society with fewer children, which has brought about greater burdens imposed by social security. A child allowance and child-care services are provided by the governments in these countries to raise fertility. An increase in...

This paper presents consideration of how a subsidy for the elderly care services should be financed in terms of income growth and social welfare. An increase in the tax burden for older people and firm with a decrease in the tax burden for young people can raise the income growth rate. However,...

The public debt stock in some economically developed countries continues to increase because of a lack of tax revenues and the concomitant burdens of social security. Many of those countries suffer from lower birth rates and consequently, have fewer children. Child allowances might be an...

The stock of public debt in some developed countries continues to increase because of a lack of tax revenues and the burdens of social security. Many of those developed countries suffer from lower birth rates. Child allowances might help to raise fertility, leading to higher tax revenue in the...

This paper describes how a child allowance policy and income transfer to older people policy alter fertility and economic growth under a pay-as-you-go pension system. Moreover, this paper presents ways to finance such policies: one for income taxation and the other for consumption tax. The...

This short paper introduces the external effects of human capital on education as reported by such as Tamura (1991) and so on to Glomm and Ravikumar (1992) and reexamines economic growth and income inequality in the two education systems: one for public and the other for private education. Glomm...

We examine how ability-screening affects demand for education and the shape of an optimal education system. Explicitly incorporating gradual screening by education into the model, we illustrate how individuals of different abilities decide to stay in education or drop out. Gradual screening...

This paper presents an investigation of the effects of child care service on the fertility rate. Results of our analyses show that the price of child care service plays important roles on the fertility and that a positive relation is not robust between fertility and income.