Biodiesel has become attractive as an alternative renewable fuel, but its large-scale production has been restricted because of the high cost of feedstock. Therefore, alternative feedstock is urgently needed to enable biodiesel production from cheap raw materials. Toward this goal, a...

Biodiesel has been considered as one of the promising non-fossil fuels, but its development also have promoted a drastic debate due to its current production status, such as oilseeds dependency, arable land requirement, high cost and long-term impact on food prices. Therefore alternative...

Swine manure may cause environmental pollution and resource waste if not handled properly on pig farms. In this paper, the technology for pig manure biodegradation and biodiesel production using Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) is described. About 700kg of fresh pig manure (73% moisture) can be...

Although biodiesel is a sustainable and renewable diesel fuel, the current feedstock predominantly from edible oils limits the economic feasibility of biodiesel production and thus the development of a cost-effective non-food feedstock is really essential. In this study, approximately 21.6% of...

A hexagonal ordered structure of magnetic columns, which results from an agglomeration of magnetic particles, is obtained in a magnetic fluid film when a magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to the film surface. The evolution of the initially ordered structure in the magnetic fluid film...

We report the first X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy study of a single crystal of the rare-earth endohedral fullerene Dy@C<Subscript>82</Subscript>. The lattice is found to be body-centered cubic (a=25.79 Å, space group <InlineEquation ID="Equ2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$I\bar {4}3d)$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> which is at variance with previous reports and confirms that several...</equationsource></inlineequation></subscript>

We theoretically design and analytically study a controllable beam splitter for the spin wave propagating in a star-shaped (e.g., a Y-shaped beam) spin network. Such a solid state beam splitter can display quantum interference and quantum entanglement by the well-aimed controls of interaction on...