Consistent with government policy in other sectors of the economy, employment arrangements in Britain's ports have recently been deregulated (1989) and the remaining public sector por ts privatized (1991 onwards), but a comparison with state policies in other European countries suggests that...

The article argues that the concept of risk should be at the heart of any discussion on partnership-based approaches to employment relations. It draws attention to two sets of organizational-related risk - distributive risks, related to material and environmental factors and exchanges, and...