Two event-related-potential (ERP) experiments were conducted to investigate the perceptual simulation of color in language processing. ERP components measured from 80 to 150 ms (N1) and from 150 to 200 ms (P2) after the onset of congruent-color pictures both differed from the incongruent-color...

The creation of microfractures within rock is commonly observed as rock is strained. The presence of these microfractures constitutes damage to the rock, and this damage can reduce the rock’s strength. This paper explores the evolution of rock strength as microfractures within a rock...

A simple and hydrazine-free solution-based approach for depositing Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) absorber layers is reported. The process involves incorporating metal salts (Cu(CH3COO)2, Zn(CH3COO)2, SnCl2) and thiourea into a single pyridine-based solution, spin-coating a...

Network user equilibrium or user optimum is an ideal state that can hardly be achieved in real traffic. More often than not, every day traffic tends to be in disequilibrium rather than equilibrium, thanks to uncertainties in demand and supply of the network. In this paper we propose a hybrid...

Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) are employed in a wide range of behavioral, biomedical, psychosocial, and health care related research for assessing reliability of continuous outcomes. The linear mixed-effects model (LMM) is the most popular approach for inference about the ICC....

Outliers are commonly observed in psychosocial research, generally resulting in biased estimates when comparing group differences using popular mean-based models such as the analysis of variance model. Rank-based methods such as the popular Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW) rank sum test are more...

Plastic film mulching is widely employed to improve crop yields. Mulching for the entire crop growth period is a widespread practice. However, a shorter plastic film mulching duration is suggested for obtaining larger grain yield recently. To quantify the effects of plastic film mulching...

For construction activities, timely resource allocation is crucial to avoid unnecessary waiting time of resources and delay of activities, especially under the condition of limited supply of resources. Timely resource allocation, i.e. determination of an activity that has the highest priority to...

This paper analyses the conditions for sino-Australian joint ventures, assesses those likely to be most suitable and retionalises the characteristics of existing joint ventures in the Peoples's Republic of China. Due to differing social systems and cultures between the West and the PRC Western...