We are the first to study the pricing and hedging of VIX options via Monte Carlo (MC) under GARCH(1,1) and Glosten–Jagannathan–Runkle GARCH(1,1) models. Our pricing is ab initio and out‐of‐sample and can be implemented in real time. Importantly, we propose the so‐called single‐option...

This paper assesses variance risk premium and forecasts out-of-sample VIX under GARCH(1,1), GJR, and Heston-Nandi models. With the date-t GARCH parameters estimated in a moving window fashion from 3,500 daily returns of the S&P 500 index, a hypothetical date-t VIX turns out to be below the...